2016考研英語(yǔ)：寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤（二）

在上一篇文章中，小編就考研英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤已經(jīng)為各位考生從宏觀方面分享過(guò)一部分。今天，小編就考研英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作部分易出現(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)的錯(cuò)誤和眾位考生分享一下。

1） 主謂一致是考生必須在寫(xiě)作中要注意到的部分，例如：

誤：A number of boy students is football fans.

正：A number of boy students are football fans.

誤：The number of the students in this school have been increasing these years.

正：The number of the students in this school has been increasing these years.

誤：The construction of the two new railway lines have been completed by now.

正：The construction of the two new railway lines has been completed by now.

主謂一致中的就近一致，例如：

誤： There are a rubber and two pencils in the box.

正： There is a rubber and two pencils in the box.

誤： There is a wide variety of people on the earth.

正： There are a wide variety of people on the earth.

2）時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)，在不同的寫(xiě)作要求中，文章時(shí)態(tài)的使用必須要謹(jǐn)慎。

描述圖畫(huà)應(yīng)該用進(jìn)行時(shí)：

誤：As is shown in the picture, there are two handicapped individuals bind their disabled legs together and hold fast to each other’s shoulders, with their crutches left behind each other.

正：As is shown in the picture, there are two handicapped individuals binding their disabled legs together and holding fast to each other’s shoulders, with their crutches left behind each other.

描述圖表應(yīng)該用過(guò)去時(shí)：

誤：As is illustrated by the chart, mobile-phone subscription number is increasing to 8 times from 2000 to 2008.

正：As is illustrated by the chart, mobile-phone subscription number increased to 8 times from 2000 to 2008.

誤：This bar chart indicates different market shares of automobiles of three types of brand between 2008 and 2009. In 2008, cars with Japanese brands top the three types of vehicles, accounting for 35% of the market. The years of 2009 has witnessed a huge change that Chinese brands hit 32% of the auto market, while cars with Japanese and American brands take 25% and 15% of the whole market respectively.

正：This bar chart indicates different market shares of automobiles of three types of brand between 2008 and 2009. In 2008, cars with Japanese brands topped the three types of vehicles, accounting for 35% of the market. The years of 2009 has witnessed a huge change that Chinese brands hit 32% of the auto market, while cars with Japanese and American brands took 25% and 15% of the whole market respectively.

在預(yù)測(cè)趨勢(shì)的文章中，需要用一般將來(lái)時(shí)：

誤：I believe then the relationship between people is harmonious and our society is a better place for us in the future.

正：I believe then the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us in the future.

3）可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞，名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，例如：

誤：Large quantities of food have been stored for the winter.

正：Large quantities of food has been stored for the winter.

誤：Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others areessential to their development. (is)

正：Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others isessential to their development.

4）介詞搭配，例如：　

誤：Mrs. Smith’s wallet was stolen of on her way home.

正：Mrs. Smith’s wallet was stolen from her on her way home.

Mrs. Smith’s wallet was robbed of her on her way home.

誤：For my part, I agree to the latter opinion for the following reasons.

正：For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons.

誤：We agreed to leaving there the next day．

正：We agreed on leaving there the next day．

5） 單詞大小寫(xiě)及拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤，在寫(xiě)作中，題目的大小寫(xiě)（除冠詞、連詞和介詞外， 其他詞原則上都應(yīng)該第一個(gè)字母大寫(xiě)）；例如：

誤：Human needs and wants

正：Human Needs and Wants

誤：He said, “he is going to Shanghai next week”.

正：He said, “He is going to Shanghai next week”.

6）專有名詞（人名，地名，書(shū)名）和縮寫(xiě)字母要大寫(xiě)；頭銜在專有名詞前要大寫(xiě)，在專有名詞后則小寫(xiě)；例如：

誤：Caption smith

正：Caption Smith/Smith, the captain

誤：I am writing to recommend you to read Wealth of Nations for the club reading sessions.

正：I am writing to recommend you to read Wealth of Nations for the club reading sessions.

7）分清及物動(dòng)詞與不及物動(dòng)詞，例如：

誤：He arrived Paris the day before yesterday.

正：He reached Paris the day before yesterday.

8）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，例如：

誤：The question is hard to be understood.

正：The question is hard to understand.

9 )詞類混淆，將動(dòng)詞或形容詞誤作名詞用，將名詞或動(dòng)詞誤作形容詞用等。例如：

誤：It's becoming difficulty to remember things for her.

正：It's becoming difficult to remember things for her.

誤：There was no difficult in persuading her.

正：There was no difficulty in persuading her.

10)冠詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，介詞，代詞等方面的應(yīng)用，例如：

誤：Favorable attitude to the life can broaden our experience and enhance our vigor then to create a enthusiastic environment for our society.

正：Favorable attitude to the life can broaden our experience and enhance our vigor then to create an enthusiastic environment for our society.

誤：As a result, they can paid for the expense to do that kind of things.

正：As a result, they can pay for the expense to do that kind of things.

11) 標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，寫(xiě)文章時(shí)，切忌從頭到尾只用逗號(hào)的現(xiàn)象，每完成一句話，需要正確的使用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)來(lái)標(biāo)注出。同時(shí)也要注意正確使用逗號(hào)和分號(hào)。例如：

誤：Some people use the computer to help them to complete their work, such as the tank workers, while some people use the computer to play games, for example, some old person like to play game on computer.
正：Some people use the computer to help them to complete their work. Such as the tank workers. While some people use the computer to play games. For example, some old person like to play game on computer.

在這篇文章中，小編從具體的方面著手，整理了11種考研寫(xiě)作易出現(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)錯(cuò)誤。這些錯(cuò)誤體現(xiàn)著一個(gè)考生綜合的英語(yǔ)知識(shí)及能力。一篇優(yōu)秀的考場(chǎng)作文時(shí)絕對(duì)不可以出現(xiàn)這樣基礎(chǔ)的錯(cuò)誤。這些錯(cuò)誤的出現(xiàn)會(huì)影響到寫(xiě)作部分的分?jǐn)?shù)。因此，小編建議各位考生，在平時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)2016考研英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的過(guò)程中，把自己經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)錯(cuò)誤記錄下來(lái)。在不斷改進(jìn)這些錯(cuò)誤的過(guò)程中，相信各位考生的英語(yǔ)綜合能力也會(huì)有很大的進(jìn)步。