2016考研英語經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人：法蘭西教育 會(huì)考后的憂傷

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French education

法蘭西教育

Bac blues

會(huì)考后的憂傷

Moves are afoot to reconsider France's harshgrading system

法國(guó)正在考慮改革它苛刻的成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)級(jí)制度

WARY of competition when it comes to globalmarkets, the French embrace it wholeheartedly in the classroom. As school pupils enjoy theend of their summer holiday, few will relish a return to their harsh grading system. Termlyreports in secondary schools record pupils' marks, in Cartesian fashion, to the nearest twodecimal points. Every child knows how they compare with the average. A result at the school-leaving baccalaureat exam of 16 out of 20 is considered outstanding. For younger children, adictee to test spelling is marked by progressively deducting points for every error, which cancrush the grade down to zero, or even into negative territory.

提到全球市場(chǎng)，就少不了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中“戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢，如履薄冰”的心態(tài)。而法蘭西一心要將這種小心翼翼奉為教育的信條。享受美好假期的孩子們一想到要回到學(xué)校那苛刻的分級(jí)制度，一個(gè)個(gè)就像霜打的茄子一樣愁容滿面。中學(xué)記錄學(xué)生成績(jī)的學(xué)期報(bào)告會(huì)使用笛卡爾的算法，將大家的成績(jī)精確到小數(shù)點(diǎn)后兩位。畢業(yè)會(huì)考的成績(jī)?cè)?6到20分之間的孩子才會(huì)被評(píng)為優(yōu)秀。而對(duì)于這些小朋友們來說，拼寫測(cè)試中的聽寫就是扣分的戰(zhàn)斗機(jī),分?jǐn)?shù)被一個(gè)一個(gè)的錯(cuò)誤蠶食鯨吞，這會(huì)使得他們的分?jǐn)?shù)跌至零分甚至是負(fù)分。

Benot Hamon, the education minister, thinks the system, at least for younger people, is tooharsh. He argues that “in France we are defined by failure”, and this begins with poor grades.He wants schools to “stimulate instead of discourage” and to give pupils more positivefeedback. Mr Hamon has launched a review of the national grading system. It is due to reportearly next year.

法國(guó)教育部長(zhǎng)博努瓦·哈蒙認(rèn)為，這樣的教學(xué)體制，最起碼對(duì)年輕人來說實(shí)在是過于苛刻。這位教育部長(zhǎng)認(rèn)為“在法國(guó)，我們被定義成了不及格”，并且都始于過低的分?jǐn)?shù)。他希望學(xué)校對(duì)學(xué)生是“鼓舞促進(jìn)而不是使其喪失信心”，并且希望學(xué)�？梢越o學(xué)生更多積極的反饋。哈蒙部長(zhǎng)推出了一份關(guān)于全國(guó)教育分級(jí)制度的反思評(píng)論，這份檢討將于明年早些時(shí)候公諸于世。

Mr Hamon's concern seems to be over the stress and anxiety that harsh grading inflicts onFrench schoolchildren, and the lack of confidence that this engenders in a country that isalready excessively pessimistic. Fully 75% of the children say they worry about getting poormarks in maths, for example, according to a study by the Paris-based OECD think-tank—onlyjust less than the figure of 78% in South Korea, and far above the 46% in Sweden.

哈蒙部長(zhǎng)似乎是想結(jié)束苛刻分級(jí)制度給法國(guó)中小學(xué)生造成的緊張與焦慮，并提升因此制度造成國(guó)家過于悲觀而缺乏已久的自信。例如，根據(jù)位于巴黎的經(jīng)合組織智庫發(fā)布研究數(shù)據(jù)，足足有75%的孩子表示他們擔(dān)心自己的數(shù)學(xué)成績(jī)會(huì)越來越差。在此項(xiàng)調(diào)查上法國(guó)僅略低于韓國(guó)，但是卻遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于瑞典,在韓國(guó)，這樣的孩子占到78%，而在瑞典，卻只有46%。

Last year the education ministry reported on an experiment in middle schools, in which marksout of 20 were abandoned in favour of comments, or vague letter grades. Boys, the reportnoted, disliked a less competitive environment more than girls; stronger pupils disliked itmore than weaker ones. But by creating less stress over failure, the report found, pupils wereencouraged to take risks and participate in class, and often became more confident.

去年，法國(guó)教育部在中學(xué)進(jìn)行了改革實(shí)驗(yàn)，在這些學(xué)校中，笛卡爾的打分方式被摒棄，取而代之的是評(píng)論意見或者是模糊的字母等級(jí)。報(bào)告指出，和女生相比，男生對(duì)于這種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力小的環(huán)境并不太感冒;與那些相對(duì)弱一些的學(xué)生相比，那些成績(jī)優(yōu)異的學(xué)生也不喜歡這樣的弱競(jìng)爭(zhēng)氛圍。但是研究者們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，及格帶來的壓力減輕使學(xué)生們受到了鼓勵(lì)，更愿意冒險(xiǎn)嘗試并且參與課堂活動(dòng)，并且自信也與日俱增。

Curiously, it was parents rather than pupils who most resisted the absence of grades. Theyworried about over-protected children, and the difficulty of judging their progress. If Mr Hamonis to get anywhere, he may find that his biggest obstacle is pushy parents.

而奇怪的是，最反對(duì)模糊分?jǐn)?shù)的不是學(xué)生，而是各位小朋友的家長(zhǎng)。這些家長(zhǎng)擔(dān)心對(duì)孩子的過度保護(hù)會(huì)難以判斷其長(zhǎng)進(jìn)。如果哈蒙部長(zhǎng)隨處看看，他或許會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，其實(shí)教育中最大的改革就是這些愛出風(fēng)頭的固執(zhí)父母。

【重點(diǎn)解析】

1.return to 回到;返回

例句:Ford never desisted from trying to persuadehim to return to America.

福特從未停止過勸說他返回美國(guó)。

2.come to 蘇醒;達(dá)到;來到

例句:There are thousands of students absolutelygagging to come to this university.

肯定有成千上萬的學(xué)生都渴望到這所大學(xué)念書。

3.at least 至少;最低限度

例句:Try to eat at least four slices of bread a day.

每天盡量至少吃4片面包。

4.want to 想去;想要

例句:When life gets hard and you want to give up, remember that life is full of ups and downs,and without the downs, the ups would mean nothing.

當(dāng)生活很艱難，你想要放棄的時(shí)候，請(qǐng)記住，生活充滿了起起落落，如果沒有低谷，那站在高處也失去了意義。