2016考研英語(yǔ)：閱讀熱點(diǎn) 硅谷被評(píng)為造夢(mèng)工廠

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導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：怎樣備考2016考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解呢?在備考2016考研英語(yǔ)時(shí)，不妨每天看看英譯中雙語(yǔ)熱點(diǎn)新聞，這是備考考研英語(yǔ)閱讀的方法之一，這樣不僅可以培養(yǎng)語(yǔ)感，提高閱讀速度，在考試中節(jié)省時(shí)間，而且能增加詞匯量，甚至有可能考研初試英語(yǔ)閱讀正好是你曾經(jīng)讀過(guò)的新聞呢!下面，分享2016考研英語(yǔ)閱讀熱點(diǎn)新聞，一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)吧!

2016考研英語(yǔ)閱讀熱點(diǎn)

Coming to San Francisco for the first time in a fewyears brings home how much it has beentransformed. Whatever you call what is happening— a boom, a bubble or a flood of money into whatwas known as new technology before the “new”became redundant — has augmented the city’sreality.

有些年沒(méi)來(lái)過(guò)舊金山，這次來(lái)到這里，我意識(shí)到這座城市發(fā)生了巨大的變化。不管你怎么形容這里正在發(fā)生的事情——繁榮、泡沫或者大量資金流入技術(shù)(以前曾被稱(chēng)為“新”技術(shù)，現(xiàn)在“新”字可以省略了)，這座城市的現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況因此而提升。

Once, there was a gaping divide between southern and northern California — betweenHollywood and Silicon Valley. To the south was the dream factory of fantasy and imagination; inthe north was science, hardware such as the transistor and chino-clad venture capitalists whoworked in business parks on Sand Hill Road and lived in sprawling suburbia. San Francisco wasa pretty, but unexciting tourist town.

過(guò)去，加利福尼亞州的南部和北部——好萊塢和硅谷——之間存在巨大的鴻溝。南部是制造幻想和想象的夢(mèng)想工廠;北部則屬于科學(xué)，屬于晶體管等硬件，以及那些在沙山路(Sand Hill Road)商業(yè)園工作、在不斷擴(kuò)張的廣大郊區(qū)居住、衣著休閑的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資本家。舊金山那時(shí)是一個(gè)美麗，但也平淡乏味的旅游城市。

It feels more like Hollywood now, full of people writing scripts and honing pitches. “Brave newworld companies create something that was not there before. They do not just save somebodymoney,” a middle-aged man told a young entrepreneur at a nearby table in a diner on Mondaymorning. The ingénu should portray his venture as more than “faster, better, cheaper”.

現(xiàn)在這里給人感覺(jué)更像好萊塢了，滿(mǎn)是寫(xiě)“腳本”和打磨推介詞的人。那個(gè)周一的早上，餐館鄰桌的一名中年男子對(duì)一名年輕創(chuàng)業(yè)者說(shuō)：“這些建造‘美麗新世界’的企業(yè)創(chuàng)造過(guò)去不存在的事物。它們不僅僅是幫某些人省了錢(qián)。”這個(gè)生澀的小伙子應(yīng)該將他的項(xiàng)目描述為不只是“更快、更好、更便宜”。

Later that day one venture capitalist described his own firm’s decision to turn down Uberwhen it was first raising money as “a lamentable failure of imagination”. The partners shouldhave realised that the pitch for a smartphone limousine service in San Francisco implied aplatform to revolutionise global transport. Instead of thinking of the legal obstacles, theyought to have suspended their disbelief.

當(dāng)天晚些時(shí)候，一名風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資本家講述了他自己的企業(yè)在優(yōu)步(Uber)首次募集資金時(shí)拒絕了它的事情，稱(chēng)那個(gè)決定是“一次令人惋惜的想象力失靈”。他的合伙人們當(dāng)時(shí)應(yīng)該意識(shí)到，那場(chǎng)關(guān)于一款舊金山智能手機(jī)叫車(chē)軟件的推介活動(dòng)，預(yù)示著一個(gè)將為全球交通出行帶來(lái)變革的平臺(tái)。他們本不應(yīng)考慮法律方面的障礙，而應(yīng)暫時(shí)放下自己的懷疑。

The old things are shrunken — the San Francisco Chronicle is thin and full of wire stories — andothers are exploding. An entire district has sprung up around China Basin on the edge of thecity; Apple, which used to carve its stores into old buildings, has levelled a building by UnionSquare to build a Foster + Partners retail temple; the city’s bars are sleek and vibrant.

陳舊的東西正在萎縮——舊金山的編年史不長(zhǎng)，充滿(mǎn)了新鮮事物——其他的東西則在爆炸。在這座城市的邊緣，圍著China Basin，一整片城區(qū)拔地而起;過(guò)去曾將門(mén)店擠進(jìn)老舊建筑中的蘋(píng)果(Apple)，拆除了聯(lián)合廣場(chǎng)(Union Square)上的一棟大樓，建造了一座由Foster + Partners建筑事務(wù)所設(shè)計(jì)的標(biāo)志性零售門(mén)店;這座城市的酒吧既時(shí)髦又充滿(mǎn)活力。

Silicon Valley is at one of those historic moments when a set of technologies start to work —and to work together — in unexpected ways. In this case, the interaction of mobile, roboticand artificial intelligence is producing a wave of applications and devices, from voice-activatedsoftware to self-driving cars. The machine knows what you want and where you are, and issteadily learning how to serve you.

硅谷正處在這樣一個(gè)歷史性時(shí)刻：一系列技術(shù)開(kāi)始以一種意想不到的方式發(fā)揮作用——并且協(xié)同并進(jìn)。在這種情況下，移動(dòng)智能、機(jī)器智能和人工智能的互動(dòng)產(chǎn)生了大批應(yīng)用和設(shè)備，從語(yǔ)音激活軟件到自動(dòng)駕駛汽車(chē)。機(jī)器知道你想要什么，身處何地，并且不斷地學(xué)習(xí)如何為你服務(wù)。

Andrew McAfee, co-author of The Second Machine Age, describes the experience of beingtransported in one of Google’s self-driving cars as going “from terrifying to thrilling to boring in15 minutes”. The machine not only drives competently but with tedious predictability, alwaysobserving the speed limit and slowing at every obstacle, as if constantly trying to pass adriving test.

《第二次機(jī)器革命》(The Second MachineAge)的合著者安德魯•麥卡菲(Andrew McAfee)稱(chēng)自己乘坐谷歌(Google)自動(dòng)駕駛汽車(chē)的心路歷程是“15分鐘內(nèi)從害怕到興奮到索然無(wú)味”。機(jī)器不僅能勝任駕駛，還開(kāi)得極為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，其駕駛表現(xiàn)毫無(wú)懸念到令人厭煩的地步——總能觀察到限速標(biāo)志，在每一個(gè)障礙物前都會(huì)減速，就像總在參加路考一樣。

Behind innovations that have suddenly come to feel routine, such as facial and voicerecognition, lie rapid ad-vances in pattern recognition and emerging forms of artificialintelligence. The capacity of computers to sift through databases and comprehend whatpeople are saying, what they mean and what they desire is evolving faster than manyresearchers had anticipated.

在面部和語(yǔ)音識(shí)別等人們驟然感覺(jué)習(xí)以為常的創(chuàng)新背后，模式識(shí)別迅速發(fā)展，各種新型人工智能紛紛涌現(xiàn)。計(jì)算機(jī)篩查數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)并理解人們?cè)谡f(shuō)什么、意思是什么、以及想要什么的能力，發(fā)展得比許多研究者預(yù)想得更快。

As a result, plenty of investors are eager to throw money at start-ups that look as if theypossess a piece of technology and a business idea that will form at least part of the brave newworld. The fear of missing out is overwhelming the fear of losing money, as Bill Gurley ofBenchmark Capital warned recently.

結(jié)果是，許多投資者急切地向這樣一些初創(chuàng)企業(yè)大舉投資——它們看上去擁有一樣技術(shù)或一個(gè)商業(yè)點(diǎn)子，能至少部分構(gòu)成這美麗新世界。Benchmark Capital的比爾•格利(Bill Gurley)最近警告稱(chēng)，錯(cuò)過(guò)的恐懼壓倒了賠錢(qián)的恐懼。

History’s famous investment bubbles often formed around such combinations of easy moneyand fantastical inventions, and some of today’s venture capitalists suffered through thedotcom bust of 2000. Prod them about that and the optimists respond that the $48bninvested by US venture capital funds last year is only half the amount sloshing around at thelast peak 15 years ago.

歷史上著名的投資泡沫往往萌生于這種輕易可得的金錢(qián)和美妙非凡的發(fā)明的結(jié)合。如今的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資本家中，有一些曾經(jīng)歷過(guò)2000年互聯(lián)網(wǎng)泡沫的破滅。我故意問(wèn)起關(guān)于那次泡沫的事情，一些樂(lè)觀的人回應(yīng)說(shuō)，美國(guó)風(fēng)投基金去年投資了480億美元，這僅是15年前上一次高峰時(shí)期總額的一半。

This ignores the fact that a lot of the new money is coming not from venture funds but fromother investors, including mutual funds such as T Rowe Price and Fidelity. Three-quarters ofrecent fundraising rounds by “unicorns” — start-ups valued at $1bn or more — were led by“non-traditional” investors, according to a recent study by Fenwick & West, a SiliconValley law firm.

這種說(shuō)法忽略了一點(diǎn)，很多新投資并非來(lái)自于風(fēng)投基金，而是來(lái)自其他投資者，包括普信集團(tuán)(T Rowe Price)和富達(dá)(Fidelity)等共同基金。硅谷律師事務(wù)所Fenwick & West的最新研究表明，“獨(dú)角獸”公司(指價(jià)值10億美元或者以上的初創(chuàng)企業(yè))最近幾輪融資中，有四分之三是由“非傳統(tǒng)”投資者牽頭。

One is Carl Icahn, the activist investor, who this week put $100m into Lyft, a rival to Uber. MrIcahn often makes life difficult for his investment targets but is as enamoured as everyone elsewith his Silicon Valley picks. “We’ll be the first to admit that you are more knowledgeable inthese areas than we are,” he wrote fulsomely to Apple this week.

維權(quán)投資者卡爾•伊坎(Carl Icahn)就是其中之一。不久前伊坎給優(yōu)步的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手Lyft投資了1億美元。伊坎經(jīng)常讓他的投資目標(biāo)公司日子不好過(guò)，但他還是像其他所有人一樣迷戀于他挑選的硅谷公司。不久前他寫(xiě)給蘋(píng)果的信極盡恭維：“我們將頭一個(gè)承認(rèn)你們更懂這些領(lǐng)域。”