2016考研英語(yǔ)：閱讀理解答題技巧之快速定位法

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"人間四月天"，山花爛漫，從這個(gè)春天開(kāi)始，很多考生正式開(kāi)始了考研復(fù)習(xí)的征程。而英語(yǔ)無(wú)疑是眾位考生在考研道路上面臨的一個(gè)最兇猛的攔路虎，所以歷年的考生都對(duì)英語(yǔ)格外重視。現(xiàn)在來(lái)看我們的復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間還有很多，但是按計(jì)劃英語(yǔ)一定要在基礎(chǔ)階段就打好堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，這樣才能在后期復(fù)習(xí)中分給政治和專業(yè)課足夠的時(shí)間。那如何打好英語(yǔ)的基礎(chǔ)，在未來(lái)的考試中拿到更高的分?jǐn)?shù)?今天作者就要教大家一個(gè)基礎(chǔ)而高效的考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解方法--"快速定位法"。

從歷年的真題來(lái)看，基本可以確定考研閱讀的常規(guī)做題方法就是：第一步分析題干，第二步原文定位，第三步匹配選項(xiàng)。大家在復(fù)習(xí)之初，就要銘記這個(gè)做題定律。帶著題干問(wèn)題開(kāi)始閱讀，然后定位原文出處。以2014年英語(yǔ)考研真題第25題為例：

But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency - permanent dependency if you can get it - supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood. It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase "jobseeker's allowance" - invented in 1996 - is about redefining the unemployed as a "jobseeker" who had no mandatory right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions. Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited "allowance," conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at ￡71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU.

25. To which of the following would the author most probably agree?

[A]The British welfare system indulges jobseekers' laziness.

[B]Osborne's reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.

[C]The jobseekers' allowance has met their actual needs.

[D]Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.

這是一個(gè)具體信息型題目。按照快速定位法，我們根據(jù)選項(xiàng)定位到具體的原文出處，A選項(xiàng)根據(jù)大寫字母The British welfare system定位到最后一段的第三句，原文是"no longer"，判定該選項(xiàng)的意思與原文正好相反。B選項(xiàng)根據(jù)Osborne's reforms可定位到第一段第二句，意思是通過(guò)該項(xiàng)目可以減少失業(yè)的危險(xiǎn)，所以B為正確答案。C選項(xiàng)根據(jù)題干"the jobseekers' allowance"定位到最后一段倒數(shù)第二句，該句提到"no fundamental right"，恰與C選項(xiàng)表意相反，所以C是反向干擾。D選項(xiàng)根據(jù)題干"conditional"定位到最后一段最后一句，其中只提到"conditional on actively seeking a job…"，并沒(méi)有要說(shuō)以后應(yīng)該怎樣，所以屬于無(wú)中生有。

正確的答案就是根據(jù)定位法匹配出來(lái)的!鑒于考研閱讀文章的篇幅非常長(zhǎng)，信息量非常大，定位法可以幫助考生迅速將注意力集中到與試題相關(guān)的原文語(yǔ)句上來(lái)，有助于大家對(duì)試題的正確分析，同時(shí)節(jié)省了寶貴的時(shí)間。作者建議大家：一定要在4-6月這段時(shí)間里打好英語(yǔ)的基礎(chǔ)，向著勝利邁出你最堅(jiān)實(shí)的一步吧!