2018年考研英語沖刺必備：近十年高頻短語200個

• 2025考研復試標準班
• 26考研全科上岸規劃營「擇校▪規劃▪備考」
• 2026考研專業課復習資料「真題▪筆記▪講義▪題庫」

　

►經濟貿易類

1.改革產業結構 reform the structure of industries

2. 虧損企業 loss-making enterprises

3. 搞活企業 enliven enterprises

4. 加快現代化步伐 quicken the modernization drive

5. 跨國公司 transnational corporation / multinational corporation

6. 解放生產力 emancipate/ liberate productivity

7.振興國家經濟 invigorate our state economy

8.全面深化改革 deepen reform all round

9.提高經濟效益 improve economic results

10.宏觀經濟調控 macro-economic control and management

11. 經濟實力 economic strength

12. 經營機制 operative mechanism

13. 整頓經濟秩序 rectify economic order

14. 引進競爭機制 introduce a competitive mechanism

15. 建立技術密集型企業 set up technologically-intensive enterprises

16. 招商引資 canvass business and introduce investment

17. 房地產 real estate

18. 經濟特區 special economic zone

19. 基礎設施 infrastructure facilities

20. 豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects

21. 投資熱點 investment hot spot

22. 外向型經濟 export-oriented economy

23. 按勞分配 distribute according to the work performance

24. 打破平均主義 break / abandon equalitarian

25. 沿海開放城市 open coastal cities

26. 國民生產總值 Gross National Product

27. 扶貧項目 anti-poverty project

28. 協調發展 coordinate the development

29. 住房改革 housing reform

30. 社會保障體系 social security system

31. 數字時代 digital times

32. 信息高速公路 the information superhighway

33. 虛擬社區 virtual communities

34. 市場蕭條 slack market

35. 假冒偽劣商品 fake and poor quality commodities

36. 謀取暴力 reap colossal profits

37. 投訴 lodge complaint

38. 貿易爭端 trade disputes

39. 亂收費 random charges

40. 市場疲軟 sluggish market

41. 實行優惠政策 launch a preferential policy

42. 繁榮市場 flourish the market

43. 加入世貿組織 accession to the WTO/ entry into the WTO

44. 消費者協會 consumer’s association

45. 消費者購買力 consumer purchasing power

46. 新興市場 emerging market

47. 抑制消費 control / inhibit consumption

48. 無形資產 intangible assets

49. 有形資產 tangible assets

50. 市場占有率 market share

51. 嚴重違約 grave breach of contract

52. 泡沫經濟 bubble economy

53. 品牌效應 brand effect

54. 企業重組 reshuffle of enterprises

55. 貿易壁壘 trade barrier

56. 人才流失 brain drain

57. 商業炒作 commercial speculation

58. 擴大內需，刺激消費 expand domestic demand and consumption

59. 拉動經濟增長 fuel economic growth

60. 連鎖反應 chain reaction / domino effect

61. 競爭優勢 competitive edge

62. 經濟結構調整 economic restructuring

63. 經濟增長點 economic growth point ; growth engine

64. 經濟過熱 overheated economy

65. 分期付款 installment payment

66. 從粗放經濟轉變為集約經濟 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy

67. 不良貸款 non-performing loan

68. 促進全球經濟一體化 foster integration with the global economy

69. 脫貧致富 shake/cast off poverty and set out a road to prosperity

70. 資源優化配置 optimizing the allocation of resources

►政治類

71. 不正之風 bad / harmful practice

72. 霸權主義 hegemonism

73. 奔小康 strive for a better-off life

74. 持續發展 sustainable development

75. 社會主義物質文明 socialist material wellbeing

76. 社會主義精神文明 socialist culture and ideology

77. 實現中華民族偉大復興 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

78. 發展是硬道理 Development is an invariable truth

79. 堅持四項基本原則 uphold the four cardinal principles

80. 多極化 multi-polarization

81. 科學技術是第一生產力 Science and technology are the primary productive force.

82. 機構臃腫 overstaffing in organization

83. 機構改革 institutional restructuring; streamlining

84. 反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government

85. 核心競爭力 core competitiveness

86. 減員增效 downsizing of staff and improving efficiency

87. 減輕農民負擔 reduce farmer’s burdens; lighten the burden on them

88. 跨越式發展 great-leap-forward development

89. 民主集中制 democratic centralism

90. 講誠信﹑反欺詐 honor credibility and oppose cheating

91. 強權外交 power diplomacy

92. 求同存異 seek common ground on major issues while shelving differences on minor ones

93. 綜合國力 comprehensive national strength

94. 濫用權力 abuse one’s power; misuse one’s authority

95. 廉政建設 build a clean and honest government

96 思想僵硬 fossilized concept

97 拜金主義 money worship

98. 知識產權 intellectual property right

99. 走后門 get in by the back door / enter by the back door

100. 貪臟枉法 take bribes and bend the law

101. 以權謀私 abusing power for money

102. “一國兩制”的原則 the principle of “one country, two systems:”

103. 全國人民代表大會 National People’s Congress

104. 與國際接軌 synchronize with the world; accord with international norms

105. 最低生活保障制度 systems for ensuring a minimum standard of living

106. 養老保險 endowment insurance

107. 以經濟建設為中心 focus on the central task of economic construction

108. 實事求是 seek truth from facts

109. 試點工程 pilot project

110. 戰略伙伴關系 strategic partnership

►教育與科學技術類

111. 素質教育 quality-oriented education

112. 啟發式教學 heuristic education

113. 復合型人才 interdisciplinary talent

114. 九年制義務教務教育 nine-year compulsory education

115. 德智體美勞全面發展

all around development of moral, intellectual,physical,aesthetics and labor education

116. 因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude

117. 人才流失 brain drain

118. 陶冶情操 cultivate one’s taste and temperament

119. 學生減負 alleviate the burden on students

120. 學術交流 academic exchanges

121. 德才兼備 have both political integrity and ability

122. 攻讀碩士學位 study for a doctoral degree

123. 文科生 students of liberal arts

124. 理科生 students of science

125. 愛國主義教育 education in patriotism

126. 畢業論文 graduation thesis

127. 義務教育 compulsory education

128. 高等教育 higher education

129. 教育部 Ministry of Education

130. 世界觀﹑人生觀﹑價值觀 word outlook, outlook on life and values

131. 科教興國 rely on science, technology and education to rejuvenate the nation

132. 可持續發展戰略 strategy of sustainable development

133. 技術密集型產品 technology-intensive product

134. 新興學科 new branch of science

135. 邊緣學科 frontier science

136. 電腦病毒 computer viruses

137. 電子商務 e-commerce; e-business

138. 數字地球 digital globe

139. 人工智能 artificial intelligence

140. 網上犯罪 cyber crime

141. 信息高速公路 information highland

142. 網民 netizen

143. 虛擬現實 virtual reality

144. 基因工程 genetic engineering

145. “神舟六號”載人飛船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou VI

146. 網絡經濟 cyber-economy

147. 網蟲 netter; Internet geek

148. 網戀 cyber romance; virtual romance

149. 科技扶貧 support poor areas using technology

150. 科研攻關 work towards key technological breakthroughs

►文化社會生活類

151. 彩票 lottery ticket

152. 保健食品 health-care food

153. 暴發戶 new rich; upstart

154. 下崗工人 laid-off workers

155. 人口老齡化 aging/ graying population

156. 人口高峰 baby boom

157. 人口負增長 negative population growth

158. 再就業工程 re-employment project

159. 自由職業者 free lancer

160. 性別歧視 sexual discrimination

161. 性價比 cost performance

162. 水貨 smuggled goods

163. 文化滲透 cultural infiltration

164. 跳槽 job-hopping

165. 公益廣告 public-interest advertisement

166. 出國熱 craze for going abroad

167. 社會福利制度 the social welfare system

168. 享受公費醫療 enjoy public health care

169. 世界衛生組織 World Health Organization (WHO)

170. 吸毒者 a drug addict

171.傳銷 pyramid-selling; multi-level marketing

172. 流動人口 moving population

173. 黃昏戀 twilight love

174. 賀歲片 New Year film

175. 記者招待會 press/ news conference

►環境法律醫療類等

176. 溫室效應 green-house effect

177. 沙漠化 desertification

178. 過度放牧 overgrazing

179. 過度捕魚 over-fishing

180. 濫砍亂伐 clear-cutting

181. 退耕還林 return cultivated land to forest

182. 沙塵暴 sand storm

183. 生態危機 ecological forest

184. 破壞生態平衡 destroy / upset the ecological balance

185. 自然保護區 nature reserve

186. 環境綠化 environmental greening

187. 禽流感 bird flu

188. 瘋牛病 mad cow disease/ BSE

189. 口蹄疫 foot-and-mouth disease

190. 非典 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

191. 偷稅﹑騙稅 tax evasion and tax fraud

192. 掃黃打非 eliminate pornography and illegal publications

193. 嚴打斗爭 strike-hard campaign

194. 公正合理的國際政治經濟新秩序

a new and rational new international political and economic order

195. 外交紛爭 diplomatic disputes

196. 維護世界和平 safeguard world peace

197. 國際慣例 international common practice

198. 民族分裂主義 ethnic separatism

199. 宗教極端主義 religious extremism

200. 世界的基本格局 basic world pattern