2018考研英語：如何構(gòu)建你的單詞庫

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考研英語基礎(chǔ)復(fù)習(xí)，詞匯關(guān)必須要奠基好，大家要為自己構(gòu)建單詞庫。下面分享5個方法，幫你更好地建設(shè)自己的詞庫。

1.Choose a specific theme for building vocabulary

1.選擇一個特定的主題來構(gòu)建詞匯量

When building vocabulary, you can guide yourself by focusing on a specific theme for the words you're learning. Pick a context or a specific topic -- say, sports, or words associated with feelings -- then study words related to that topic.

在構(gòu)建詞匯量時，你可以引導(dǎo)自己專注于某個特定的主題來學(xué)習(xí)單詞。選擇一個背景或特定的話題--比如，運動或與感受相關(guān)的詞匯 - 再學(xué)習(xí)與該話題相關(guān)的詞匯。

Words describing emotions is an interesting choice, for instance, as it includes words like enthusiastic and excited. The category of sports words, on the other hand, includes exciting words like throw, spin, or marathon.

描述的情感的詞匯是一個有趣的選擇。例如，它包含了像enthusiastic(熱情)和excited(興奮)之類的單詞。另一方面，運動類別的詞匯，包括像throw(擲)，spin(旋轉(zhuǎn))，或marathon(馬拉松)之類等令人激動的詞語。

You could also study “travelling around town” words like sidewalk, intersection, or pavement; or words related to everyday life, like foods available at the supermarket. You could even study words about school work!

你也可以學(xué)習(xí)在鎮(zhèn)上旅游之類的詞語，像人行道，十字路口，或者路面;或與日常生活中相關(guān)的單詞，比如，超市里可見的食物。甚至你可以學(xué)習(xí)與學(xué)校作業(yè)有關(guān)的單詞!

Whatever theme you pick, create stories in your mind and speak them aloud using words related to that theme.

無論你選擇何種主題，在腦子里編一個故事，再以與那個主題相關(guān)的單詞大聲地說出來。

2.Tips for easily memorizing your words

2.輕松記憶單詞的技巧

When you have settled on vocabulary words, write them down or print them out. Carry the list with you always. In the pauses of your busy day-when you're sitting on the bus, in the dentist's office, during commercials-take out the paper and review your vocabulary words until you feel comfortable that you would recognize (and be able to use) these words the next time you see them. Use sticky notes and put them on computers, on cupboards, and other places you're likely to see them, as a reminder.

當你選中了單詞，把它們寫出來或者打印出來。隨時隨地攜帶在身邊。在繁忙的一天中的休息時間里--當你在公交車上，在牙科診所，在宣傳期間--拿出小紙條，復(fù)習(xí)一下單詞直到你覺得自己下次看到的時候能認識(并能夠使用)。使用便利貼，把它們粘在計算機上，櫥柜上，和其他你容易看到的地方，作為一種提醒。

Try jumbling the letters of your vocabulary words up, then unscrambling them to form the word again. Work with the words until you are very comfortable using them in sentences on your own.

試著把你的詞匯表中的單詞混在一起，梳理之后再形成單詞。好好學(xué)習(xí)這些單詞直到你自己能自如地運用在句子中。

Remembering the words is very important! How do we do this? Try to associate each word with a picture or some other representation in your mind. This will help you remind yourself of the word's meaning. You don't have to actually draw or see this picture -- you can use your imagination to create suitable images!

記住單詞是非常重要的事!我們要怎么做到這一點呢?盡量將每個單詞與一幅圖片或其他能在你腦海中浮現(xiàn)的東西聯(lián)系起來。這將幫助你記憶這個詞的意思。你不必實際描繪或看到這幅圖片--你可以用你的想象力創(chuàng)造出合適的圖像!

It's also important to not try to learn more than 7-10 new words in a day. Generally, it's safer to aim for 5-6 words a day for better retention. This, of course, depends on how much time you have each day for studying vocabulary.

請記住，每天試著學(xué)習(xí)的新單詞不要超過7-10。一般情況下，將每天的目標定為5-6個新單詞更為安全，這樣記憶效果更好。當然，這取決于你每天有多少時間來學(xué)習(xí)詞匯。

3.Read whatever you're interested in

3.閱讀任何你感興趣的內(nèi)容

Pick out something you want to read in your target language. As you read, underline the words you don't understand. Then you should write them down within a sentence so you can see how each word fits into the sentence. Repeat the words until you are very familiar with them.

篩選一些你想讀的內(nèi)容，是你目標語言的版本。當你閱讀時，將你不理解的部分劃線標注。隨后你應(yīng)該將它們以一個句子寫下來，這樣你就可以看到每個單詞是如何恰如其分地適合這個句子。重復(fù)這些單詞直到你非常熟悉它們。

4.Make sure you learn new forms of new words

4.確保你掌握新單詞的新形式

Some words have many different forms, like silent (adjective)， silently (adverb) and silence (noun)。 Practice forming sentences which the different forms of these words, and try to use as many forms of the words in sentences as possible.

有些單詞有很多不同的形式，像silent 安靜的(形容詞)， silently 安靜地(副詞)和 silence無聲(名詞)。練習(xí)用這些單詞的不同形式來造句，并盡可能多地在句子中嘗試單詞的不同形式。

A good way to combine this practice with your grammar learning is by thinking about each word and identifying which part of speech it is. Is it a noun, a verb, an adjective, or an adverb? It can help you to understand how those different parts of speech are formed. For instance, you can make a plural noun by adding an s, or an adverb by adding ly.

一個比較好的方法是將這樣的練習(xí)與你的語法學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)合起來，思考每一個單詞，確認它在句子中是屬于哪一部分，是名詞，動詞，形容詞還是副詞?這樣可以幫助你了解一個句子中不同的部分是如何組成的。例如，你可以通過添加一個s得到一個復(fù)數(shù)名詞，或者在形容詞后加ly得到一個副詞。

For example: beauty is a noun, beautify is a verb, and beautiful is an adjective. Use them in sentences differently.

例如：beauty(美麗)是一個名詞， beautify (美化)是一個動詞，而beautiful(美麗的)是一個形容詞。它們在句子中用法不同。

5.Listen attentively to all conversations

5.認真傾聽所有對話

Whether it's the news in English, a movie, or a class lecture, pay attention to what's being said! Make note of the words that you didn't understand.

無論是英語新聞，電影，或一個講座，注意傾聽所說的內(nèi)容!記下你聽不懂的話。

When you find an unfamiliar word, refer to the dictionary for an explanation. Browse through words and make them your friends. Whichever new words you hear and read, mark them in the dictionary. Keep a tab of the number of words that you have mastered. Keep a goal for a week, for a month and so on.

當你發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生的單詞，查找一下字典上的解釋。通過瀏覽文字，熟悉它們。無論你聽到還是看到新詞，在字典里標注它們。將你已經(jīng)掌握的單詞數(shù)量做一個標簽。每個星期、每個月都為自己定一個目標。

When you meet your first goal -- and for each subsequent goal you complete -- treat yourself! Go out and celebrate, because you're learning vocabulary!

當你完成自己的第一個目標--以及后續(xù)你完成的每一個目標--獎勵一下自己!出去好好慶祝，因為你正在學(xué)習(xí)詞匯!

Happy learning!

請快樂地學(xué)習(xí)!