2017考研英語(yǔ)：nice可以怎么用

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英語(yǔ)一項(xiàng)是考研的必爭(zhēng)之地，難度也相對(duì)比較大，距離2017年考研還有一段時(shí)間，同學(xué)們要好好復(fù)習(xí)，爭(zhēng)取都能去到自己喜歡的學(xué)校。教育優(yōu)選為大家?guī)��?lái)考研英語(yǔ)：nice可以怎么用，希望能幫到大家!

How often do you use the word "nice"? I have no idea how many times I physicallyutterthe word "nice" in a single day, but I'd guess it's a lot.

你有多經(jīng)常用到“nice”這個(gè)詞呢?我不知道我每天具體要說(shuō)多少次“nice”，但我覺得次數(shù)一定少不了。

So: How can one word serve as the appropriateresponse to both impendingdoomand caffeinebreaks?

那么，這個(gè)詞怎么能既適用于大難臨頭的場(chǎng)合，又適用于茶歇時(shí)間呢?

According to lexiconhistory, "nice" has led an erraticexistence. Over the years, "nice" has meant everything from "lewd"to "coy"to "kind." Oxford Dictionaries cruisesthrough the meanderinghistory of the word on its blog.

根據(jù)詞匯歷史學(xué)，“nice”是一個(gè)捉摸不定的詞。若干年來(lái)，它曾具備各種各樣的含義，從“下流的”到“靦腆的”到“和善的”，牛津詞典就在博客上回顧了這個(gè)詞曲折的歷史。

The word "nice," Oxford claims, has pretty negativeroots in the Latin "nescius," meaning "ignorant." But it really took off in the 14th century as a term for something foolish or silly. The negative connotations ballooned from there. "Nice" was used to refer to a variety of less-than-great sentiments including wantonness, extravagance, ostentation, lasciviousness, cowardiceand sloth. Like, "Teobaldus, your fear of the Black Plague is nice."

牛津詞典稱“nice”一詞源自拉丁語(yǔ)里的貶義詞“nescius”，意思是“無(wú)知的”。但它實(shí)際上是從14世紀(jì)開始作為表示愚蠢或傻的詞匯，而其貶義的內(nèi)涵也是從那時(shí)候開始越來(lái)越濃重的。“nice”一詞攜帶了各種不太好的感情色彩，包括“淫亂”、“放縱”、“賣弄”、“好色”、“懦弱”、“懶惰”等含義。舉個(gè)毛栗子：“提奧巴杜斯，你害怕黑死病這種事兒是很nice的。”

Dive deeper into the Middle Ages, and the meaning deflated. The word started to hint not at ostentation or cowardice but shyness and reservenot in a negative way, but certainly not yet positively. Let's call it neutral. Like, "Baignard's goat is nice."

對(duì)中世紀(jì)挖掘得再深一點(diǎn)，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)詞的意義縮水了。它不再有“賣弄”或“懦弱”的意思，而開始表示“羞怯”或“保守”;不算是貶義，但也絕對(duì)還沒變成褒義詞。我們就說(shuō)它是個(gè)中性詞吧，例如：“柏格納德的山羊很nice。”

Folks in the 17th and 18th centuries, though, they loved modesty. (Just consider the clothes.) And as a result, "nice" began to take on a more positive tone. As Oxford points out, "nice" started to connote respectability and virtue, refinedtaste and polite mannerisms. Like, "Cornelia's lofty neckline and bulbousskirt are nice."

然而，17世紀(jì)和18世紀(jì)的人喜歡低調(diào)(想想他們的衣服就秒懂了)。因此，“nice”這個(gè)詞開始出現(xiàn)了更為褒義的調(diào)調(diào)。正如牛津詞典指出的，“nice”開始意指“高尚”和“美德”、“雅致的品味”及“禮貌的舉止”。例如：“科妮莉婭的高領(lǐng)裝和蓬蓬裙很nice。”

By the 19th century, use of the word "nice" was not only loaded with a history of confusing meanings, it was also so ubiquitouslytossed about Jane Austen had to pen a quippy bit of dialogue about it. In 1817's Northanger Abbey, character Henry Tilney gently chastisesCatherine Morland for her overuse of the word:

到19世紀(jì)，“nice”一詞不僅因?yàn)闅v史原因具備了諸多令人迷惑的含義，而且它無(wú)所不在，隨處可用，以至于簡(jiǎn)·奧斯汀也不得不為此寫了一段俏皮的對(duì)話。在1817年的《諾桑覺寺》中，亨利·提爾尼就溫和地批評(píng)了凱瑟琳·莫蘭對(duì)這個(gè)詞的濫用：

"And this is a very nice day; and we are taking a very nice walk; and you are two very nice young ladies," he jests. "Oh, it is a very nice word, indeed! It does for everything."

他戲謔道：“今天是個(gè)很nice的日子，我們正在很nice地散步，你們是兩位很nice的女士。哦，那真的是一個(gè)很nice的詞!它哪里都能用!”

Fast forward to today, and "nice" is still everywhere. Sure, "nice" tends to mean kind, pleasing, polite and friendly, but it can also still mean something along the lines of "socially acceptable" or even "harmless." Toss a "too" in front of it, and "nice" resemblesits earlier definitions: ostentatious or extravagant. Pop an "I guess" after it, and "nice" sounds like a full-fledged neg. Elongatethe "I" in it, and "niiice" becomes a knee-jerk response of an adverb like OK.

快進(jìn)到今天，“nice”依然隨處可見。當(dāng)然，“nice”可以表示“善良的”、“令人愉悅的”、“禮貌的”、“友好的”，但它也還是保留著“社會(huì)上普遍接受的”甚至是“無(wú)害的”的內(nèi)涵。在前面加個(gè)“too”，它就有了先前的定義：“賣弄的”或“放縱的”。在后面加個(gè)“I guess”，“nice”這個(gè)詞聽起來(lái)就完全是貶義的了。把中間“i”的音拖長(zhǎng)變成“niiice”呢，它就成了一聲隨口應(yīng)答，就像“OK”那樣。

Basically, the meaninglessness of "nice" is just as confusing as ever. We seem to use the word whenever we don't know what else to say. Because, well, it works.

基本上，“nice”這個(gè)詞沒有什么確定的意義，像從前一樣令人迷惑。我們好像只要不知道還能再說(shuō)什么，就用上這個(gè)詞——因?yàn)椋�嗯，它就是這么好用。