2017考研英語：翻譯的3個基本步驟

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翻譯部分在考研英語中算是難點，得高分不易，考察的也比較全面，但相信只要大家盡力，基本分數(shù)還是可以拿下的。下面分享翻譯的3個基本步驟，17考生注意在練習中去把握和體會，提升翻譯能力，掌握翻譯方法和技巧。

一、化整為零——劃分結構，理清句式

二、各個擊破——轉(zhuǎn)換詞義，組織語言

三、整合提升——語序調(diào)整，潤色文字

我們以2008年46題為例：

He believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.

一、【化整為零】

He believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage //of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, //and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.

(1)本句的主語為he，謂語為believes，賓語為that引導的賓語從句。

(2) 介詞短語of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence作定語修飾compensating advantage。其中about every sentence作狀語修飾think。

(3) 介詞短語enabling him to detect errors跟前面的forcing him to think long and intently為并列關系，都是介詞of的賓語。

(4) 介詞短語in reasoning和in his own observations皆為狀語修飾detect。

二、【各個擊破】

1.詞的考點和翻譯：

this very difficulty中very表示強調(diào)，指“正是，就是”

compensating advantage抵償性的優(yōu)勢，補償性的優(yōu)勢，具有補償作用的好處

intently專心地，認真地

enable...to...使能夠

detect errors發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤，察覺錯誤

reasoning推理，推論，推理過程中

2.句的考點和翻譯：

(1) that賓語從句無須調(diào)整順序，可直接翻譯。

(2) 介詞短語of forcing...and thus enabling...都屬于本句中advantage所指的具體內(nèi)容，作用類似于英文中的同位語成分，鑒于漢語后重心的特點，可以先把這一部分具體內(nèi)容翻譯出來，最后再翻譯概括性的內(nèi)容advantage。建議考生關注下中英文差異中的英語前重心、漢語后重心這一特點。

(3) 介詞短語in reasoning and in his own observations作定語修飾errors，翻譯時按照漢語習慣將其前置到errors之前翻譯。

三、【整合提升】

他認為或許正因為(語言表達上的)這種困難，他不得不對自己要說的每句話都經(jīng)過長時間的認真思考，從而能發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在推理和觀察中的錯誤，結果這反而成為他的優(yōu)點。