2017考研英語拓展閱讀：研究稱狗不喜歡被擁抱

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You may think all of those hugs you’ve been giving to your dog were wanted, but in reality your dog feels it’s being held hostage, according to a new data.

你可能一直認為，你給你狗狗的所有擁抱，都是它渴望的，但根據新數據，實際上，狗狗感覺是被綁架了。

An article published in Psychology Today claims dogs find physical contact - including hugs - stressing and gives them anxiety. Stanely Coren, who studies canine behavior at the University of British Columbia, says an embrace between humans signals warmth and affection, but dogs are not humans.

一篇發表在《今日心理學》 的文章稱， 身體接觸，包括擁抱給狗狗的感覺是焦慮以及壓力。加拿大不列顛哥倫比亞大學心理學教授、犬類專家斯坦利.科倫說，人類之間的擁抱是溫暖和喜愛的象征，但是狗狗和人類的感覺截然不同。

Coren explains the hug in nature is restrictive and may annoy or frighten a dog. The signs of stress and anxiety in dogs are well established, and are easily observable, at least by trained individuals.

科倫解釋說，在自然中，擁抱也意味著限制，可能會使狗狗憤怒或者害怕。而狗狗焦慮和壓力大的跡象非常好辨認，至少對于受過訓練的人員來說。

These signs and other similar ones should be easy to detect in stressed dogs:

在狗狗感覺壓力大的時候，這些特征或者類似特征應該能被發現。

turns head away from whatever is bothering it

扭頭避免讓它感覺煩躁的事物

closing eyes, at least partially

閉眼，至少半閉

show white portion of the eyes at the corner or the rim

露出眼角眼白

ears are lowered or slicked against the side of its head

耷拉著耳朵，夾緊腦袋

lip licking or licking a person’s face

舔嘴唇或者舔人的臉

yawning

吼叫

raising one paw

舉爪子

bare teeth

露牙齒

The data shows that while few dogs may like being hugged, more than four out of five dogs find it unpleasant.

數據顯示，一些狗狗可能真喜歡擁抱，但是有超過五分之四的狗狗討厭擁抱。

"The clear recommendation to come out of this research is to save your hugs for your two-footed family members and lovers" Coren wrote. "It is clearly better from the dog’s point of view if you express your fondness for your pet with a pat, a kind word, and maybe a treat."

科倫說，這個研究得出的清晰結論是，把你的擁抱留給用雙腿行走的家人和愛人吧，對狗狗來說，很清楚，輕輕拍打、溫馨話語和食物獎勵都是向狗狗表達喜愛的更好方式。