2017考研英語(yǔ)《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》閱讀：無(wú)證導(dǎo)游

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Undercover on a Segway

攝位車上進(jìn)行的“秘密活動(dòng)”

Tourists beware

游客們當(dāng)心

A report from the seamy underworld of unlicensedtour guides

關(guān)于無(wú)證導(dǎo)游這個(gè)陰暗地下世界的報(bào)道

A TERRIBLE threat stalks the streets ofWashington,DC: unlicensed tour guides. These brazenlawbreakers imperil the public by showing them around the nation's capital without a permit.Your correspondent went undercover to observe at first hand the dangers tourists face intheir clutches. It was harrowing. First, your correspondent had to balance on a Segway, atwo-wheeled vehicle from which she could have fallen several inches to the cold, hardpavement. “Just try to relax,” purred Bill Main, the outlaw guide, “It's easy.” With whiteknuckles and a pink helmet, the tour began.

華盛頓特區(qū)大街上正蔓延著一個(gè)可怕的威脅：無(wú)證導(dǎo)游。這些無(wú)恥的違法者擾亂公共秩序，在沒有許可的情況下帶領(lǐng)游客們參觀這個(gè)國(guó)家的首都。記者親歷地下世界去觀察第一手游客們關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻面臨的危險(xiǎn)。這讓人很恐懼。首先，記者必須在攝位車上保持平衡，這種兩輪電動(dòng)車有讓她從任何一邊摔向冰冷堅(jiān)硬的人行道上的可能性。“別擔(dān)心，”違法導(dǎo)游Bill Main發(fā)出喉音說道，“很簡(jiǎn)單的。”在興奮、緊張中帶著一個(gè)粉色的頭盔，這趟行程開始了。

Mr Main never took the exam to become a tour guide, so your correspondent braced herselfto hear a torrent of errors. Would he claim that the White House was once destroyed byaliens, as in the film “Independence Day”? No. Actually, he was pretty good. Yet he could bejailed for 90 days if caught.Washingtonrequires all guides to pay $200 and take an exam. Thatadds up: Segs in the City, the firm Mr Main runs with his wife, Tonia Edwards, employs a dozenguides.

Main從未參加過成為導(dǎo)游的考試，因此記者準(zhǔn)備好了聽到一大串錯(cuò)誤信息。他會(huì)說白宮曾被外星人摧毀過一次么，就像電影“獨(dú)立日”中的場(chǎng)景那樣?不會(huì)，事實(shí)上，他很好。然而如果他被抓到了會(huì)被判監(jiān)禁90天。華盛頓要求所有導(dǎo)游付費(fèi)200刀然后參加考試。還要加上：Main和太太Tonia Edwards運(yùn)營(yíng)的公司城市攝位車公司雇傭的大批導(dǎo)游。

The permit system protects incumbents, raises prices and kills jobs. Mr Main also believes thatit violates his right to free speech. Robert McNamara of the Institute for Justice, a libertarianlaw firm, agrees. “The government cannot restrict speech unless there is evidence the speechis causing harm,” he explains. Tour guide patter hardly qualifies. Mr McNamara helped Segs inthe City file a lawsuit against the city government in 2010. The city won; Mr Main's appealreached a DC federal court on May 5th. The city defends the licence as an essential safeguardfor consumers.

許可系統(tǒng)保護(hù)了在職者們，提高了價(jià)格，削減了崗位Main也相信系統(tǒng)侵犯了他的言語(yǔ)自由權(quán)。自由論法律公司——司法研究所的Robert McNamara同意他的話。“政府不能限制Main的言語(yǔ)除非有證據(jù)說他造成了傷害，”他說道。導(dǎo)游的話很難界定資格。McNamara在2010年幫助城市攝位車旅游公司起訴了市政府。但是政府勝訴了;Main在5月5號(hào)上訴到特區(qū)聯(lián)邦法庭。市政府辯護(hù)到證書是為消費(fèi)者設(shè)置的必要護(hù)衛(wèi)。

In the 1950s only one American worker in 20 needed a permit from the government; todaythat figure is around one in three. Some jobs, such as doctors, clearly need strict controls.But some states require licences for florists and interior designers. Such permits tend to costhundreds of dollars and months of extra training, yet offer little benefit to consumers, saysMorris Kleiner, an economist at theUniversityofMinnesota. Sometimes customers, likeundercover tourists, can look after themselves.

20世紀(jì)50年代政府平均20人中之批準(zhǔn)了一位美國(guó)工人成為導(dǎo)游;今天數(shù)據(jù)到了大約三個(gè)過一個(gè)。一些工作，比如說醫(yī)生，明確需要嚴(yán)格控制。但是一些州要求花匠和室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)者考取證書。這種許可證需要花費(fèi)數(shù)百美元和長(zhǎng)達(dá)數(shù)月的額外培訓(xùn)，然而這對(duì)消費(fèi)者來說受益甚微，明尼蘇達(dá)大學(xué)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家Morris Kleiner說。一些客戶，比如“從事間諜活動(dòng)的”旅游者們，能照看好他們自己。

1.show around 領(lǐng)…參觀

例句:Would you show me around?

可以帶我參觀一下嗎?

2.tour guide 導(dǎo)游

例句:Service quality of a tour guide has always beenthe focus of controversy in the area of
tourismservice.

導(dǎo)游服務(wù)質(zhì)量一直是旅游服務(wù)領(lǐng)域中爭(zhēng)議的焦點(diǎn)。

3.such as 諸如;像

例句:And they tend to do so more dramatically in a dog-eat-dog sector such as the financialindustry, says staw.

斯托教授認(rèn)為，在像金融業(yè)這樣弱肉強(qiáng)食的行當(dāng)，這種現(xiàn)象尤為嚴(yán)重。

4.try to 嘗試

例句:I think we should try to buy more time.

我想我們應(yīng)該設(shè)法稽遲時(shí)間。